2016年高考英語語法練習(xí)題及答案(4)
2016年高考在即，各位考生在緊張的復(fù)習(xí)備考間斷，下面小編為大家整理了，2016年高考英語語法練習(xí)題及答案供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)：
《非謂語動(dòng)詞》
1.________ in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.(2013·安徽，32)
A.To found B.Founding
C.Founded D.Having founded
答案 C
解析 句意為：這所學(xué)校創(chuàng)建于20世紀(jì)早期，它一直激勵(lì)著孩子們對(duì)于藝術(shù)的熱愛。the school與found之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。
2.Lionel Messi，________the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe.(2013·江蘇，24)
A.set B.setting
C.to set D.having set
答案 D
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。句意為：在一個(gè)日歷年度創(chuàng)下了最多的進(jìn)球紀(jì)錄，萊昂內(nèi)爾·梅西被認(rèn)為是歐洲最有才華的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。由句意知，“創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄”在先，“被認(rèn)為是最有才華的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員”在后，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)。
3.There are some health problems that，when ________ in time，can become bigger ones later on.(2013·浙江，19)
A.not treated B.not being treated
C.not to be treated D.not having been treated
答案 A
解析 句意為：有些健康問題，如果不及時(shí)處理，以后會(huì)變得更嚴(yán)重。when not treated in time為插入語，在本句中為時(shí)間狀語從句，把that can become bigger ones later on這個(gè)定語從句給隔開了。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，可以出現(xiàn)省略的現(xiàn)象，但必須滿足兩個(gè)條件：首先，時(shí)間狀語從句中的主語必須和主句主語一致;其次，從句中含有be動(dòng)詞。本句補(bǔ)充完整的狀語從句為：when they are not treated in time，其他選項(xiàng)形式不對(duì)。故答案為A項(xiàng)。
4.________ which university to attend，the girl asked her teacher for advice.(2013·四川，8)
A.Not knowing B.Knowing not
C.Not known D.Known not
答案 A
解析 句意為：因?yàn)椴恢涝撋夏乃髮W(xué)，女孩求助于老師。句子主語the girl和動(dòng)詞know之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞ing形式作狀語，而動(dòng)詞ing形式的否定式是在其前加not，所以選A，從而排除B和表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的C和D。
5.The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.(2013·四川，10)
A.being completed B.to be completed
C.completed D.having been completed
答案 B
解析 句意為：明年將要竣工的機(jī)場將有助于促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語的用法。由next year知機(jī)場將要竣工而不是正在竣工，也不是已竣工，故選B項(xiàng)。
6.Let those in need ________ that we will go all out to help them.(2013·陜西，13)
A.to understand B.understand
C.understanding D.understood
答案 B
解析 句意為：要讓那些需要幫助的人認(rèn)識(shí)到我們會(huì)全力以赴地幫助他們。let后跟不帶to的不定式。
7.The witnesses ________ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.(2013·陜西，14)
A.questioned B.being questioned
C.to be questioned D.having questioned
答案 A
解析 句意為：剛被警察詢問過的目擊者們對(duì)這場打斗描述得截然不同。目擊者應(yīng)當(dāng)是被詢問，故D項(xiàng)排除。選項(xiàng)A“詢問過的”;選項(xiàng)B“正在被詢問的”;選項(xiàng)C“將要被詢問的”。
8.I got to the office earlier that day，________the 7∶30 train from Paddington.(2013·大綱全國，25)
A.caught B.to have caught
C.to catch D.having caught
答案 D
解析 句意為：因?yàn)橼s上了來自帕丁頓的7∶30的火車，那天我很早就到達(dá)了辦公室。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語，因?yàn)閏atch這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語got to之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)。
9.Volunteering gives you a chance ________ lives，including your own.(2013·北京，21)
A.change B.changing
C.changed D.to change
答案 D
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語。a chance to do sth.做某事的機(jī)會(huì)。
10.________ the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level.(2013·北京，24)
A.Find B.Finding
C.To find D.Found
答案 B
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。句意為：發(fā)現(xiàn)這門課程很難，她決定轉(zhuǎn)向難度更低的課程。本句主語she與find之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。
11.When we saw the road ________ with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.(2013·北京，29)
A.block B.to block
C.blocking D.blocked
答案 D
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。句意為：當(dāng)看到道路被雪封住，我們決定在家度假。block與road為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。
12.Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home，there was a pile of mail________for her.(2013·遼寧，28)
A.waited B.to wait
C.waiting D.was waiting
答案 C
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為：Laura出差巴黎一周多，當(dāng)她回家時(shí)，有一堆郵件在等著她。分析句子可知，空格處用作后置定語修飾mail，且mail與wait之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。waited為過去分詞，表示被動(dòng)或完成;to wait為不定式，表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;waiting為現(xiàn)在分詞，表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行;was waiting為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語部分，而句中不缺少謂語。故選C項(xiàng)。
13.The sun began to rise in the sky，________the mountain in golden light. (2013·湖南，25)
A.bathed B.bathing
C.to have bathed D.having bathed
答案 B
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：太陽開始在天空升起，金黃色的陽光沐浴著大山。主語the sun和動(dòng)詞bathe“沐浴”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。
14.You cannot accept an opinion________to you unless it is based on facts.(2013·湖南，29)
A.offering B.to offer
C.having offered D.offered
答案 D
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：除非觀點(diǎn)是建立在事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)之上，否則你不能接受別人的觀點(diǎn)。分析句子成分后可知，“________to you”是分詞短語作后置定語修飾opinion，而opinion和動(dòng)詞offer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。
15.________warm at night，I would fill the woodstove，then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.(2013·湖南，31)
A.Staying B.Stayed
C.To stay D.Stay
答案 C
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：為了在晚上取暖，我會(huì)填滿柴爐，再定好鬧鐘，以便半夜能起來再填一次。根據(jù)語境可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故答案選C項(xiàng)。
16.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police______.(2013·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，28)
A.not to do B.not to
C.not do D.do not
答案 B
解析 考查不定式的否定及省略。句意為：司機(jī)想把車停在路邊，但是警察提醒他不可以。句中by the police為干擾部分，可以去掉，句式為ask sb.to do sth.的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定形式。A選項(xiàng)后加it也正確。
17.________at the cafeteria before，Tina didn’t want to eat there again.(2013·山東，33)
A.Having eaten B.To eat
C.Eat D.Eating
答案 A
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。句意為：以前在那家自助餐吃過飯，蒂娜不想再去那里吃了。解答本題的關(guān)鍵是分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句子的主語Tina與eat構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用doing;再根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞before知“eat”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞“didn’t want”之前，故用doing的完成形式having done，因此本題選having eaten。
18.________ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
(2013·浙江，7)
A.Hearing B.Hear
C.Having heard D.To be hearing
答案 A
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為：聽到別人對(duì)你剛讀的一本書的反應(yīng)會(huì)增加你的快樂感。you have just read為省略that或者which的定語從句， creates an added pleasure是謂語和賓語，空格處需要填一個(gè)可作主語的非謂語動(dòng)詞。B項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞原形，不能作主語;C項(xiàng)是作狀語的形式;D項(xiàng)表示將來進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，不符合題意。A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)名詞，可作主語，故A項(xiàng)正確。
19.The engine just won’t start.Something seems ________ wrong with it.(2013·重慶，34)
A.to go B.to have gone
C.going D.having gone
答案 B
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞seem后只能接不定式，不接doing，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng);又go wrong動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，故用不定式的完成式。
20.I stopped the car________a short break as I was feeling tired.(2013·山東，29)
A.take B.taking C.to take D.taken
答案 C
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞——不定式作目的狀語。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)用to do不定式表達(dá)停車的目的。所以答案選C項(xiàng)。
(責(zé)任編輯：盧雁明)
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