新概念英語第三冊語法總結：虛擬語氣

來源:育路教育網發布時間:2011-08-01 09:13:15

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虛擬語氣用來表達不可能或難以實現的愿望，與事實相反的假設，通常分為
基本的三種形式。

1.與現在事實相反的虛擬：If + did / were + ……，…… would/ should/
could/ might + do （動詞原形）

If I were you ， I would go abroad at once. （I am not you. ）

If he knew it now ， he could help me.（He doesn't know it now. ）

2.與過去事實相反的虛擬：If + had done + ……，…… would（might ）

have done ……

If I had known your telephone number yesterday， I would have phoned
you.（I didn't know your telephone number.）

If you had come here a little earlier just now， you might have met
her.（You didn't come here earlier. ）

3.與將來事實相反的虛擬：（1 ） If + should + v. ，…… would + v.
（可能性很�。ㄗg作“萬一”）

If it should rain tomorrow， you could stay at home. If I should fail，
what should Ido ？

（2 ） If + did / were to + v ……， would + v. （完全不可能）

If the sun were to rise in the west ， I would lend you the money.
If you finished it in 3 minutes ， I would give you my car.

4.金牌特殊重點

［簡單聯想記憶］：●下列動詞后的“賓語從句”中需要用虛擬形式，即should
+ 動詞原形，shoud 在美國英語中要省略（TOEFL 語法考點）。此類常見的動詞
有：order ， ask， decide ， demand ， require， recommend， suggest
（建議）， insist （堅決要求）， advise ， etc. He suggested that we
（should） help them with English. The teacher ordered that the homework
（should） be finished within half an hour.

●下列名詞后的同位語從句中要用“should +動詞原形”（should可省去）

的虛擬。此類常見的名詞有：suggestion， order， request， demand ，
importance，proposal. He made a suggestion that we（should） have a fancy
dress party. I think it is a thing of importance that it（should） be
done soon.

● It is / was important / necessary / natural / essential / advisable
/ strange / surprising， ect. + that +主語+ should + v. It is strange
that you should say such a thing. It was important that you should tell
me all the information.

● wish 后的賓語從句中，as if 后的狀語從句中，須用下列的虛擬形式：
主 + wish+（that） +主 + did / were （指現在）

had done（指過去）

would+ v. （指將來）

I wish that I met my uncle now. I wish I had met my uncle yesterday.
I wish I could meet my uncle tomorrow.

● It is（high） time that…… + did / were ……

It is time that you went to bed.

● would rather that…… + did / were ……

I would rather that you were not here now.

● would sooner that…… + did / were ……

I would sooner that you got up earlier. I would sooner that you were
not my brother.