We can change an utterance by 1 one word in it with 2 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, 3 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 4 means “danger!”

    This is why the number of 5 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 6 point; it has about twenty different calls, 7 in human language the number of possible utterances is 8 . It also explains why animal cries are very 9 in meaning.

1. A. replacing B. spelling C. pronouncing D. saying

2. A. ours B. theirs C. another D. others

3. A. so B. and C. but D. or

4. A. this B. that C. which D. it

5. A. signs B. gestures C. signals D. marks

6. A. in B. at C. of D. for

7. A. whereas B. since C. anyhow D. somehow

8. A. boundless B. changeable C. limitless D. ceaseless

9. A. ordinary B. alike C. common D. general

1.A 此題考查上下文理解。下文舉例說明的部分提到將一句話的某個詞換成另外的詞,由此推斷可知,此處選擇replace(代替)。

2.C 表達用另一個詞代替,用another。

3.B 此題考查上下文理解,會說一句話和能夠把這句話里的某個單詞用別的詞替換,這之間表達的應是一種并列關系。故選B。

4.C 此題考查非限定性定語從句,必須用which。

5.C 動物發出的聲音不能形容為“標記”、“記號”或是“手勢”,因此,只有signal信號才是正確選擇。

6.A 此處考查固定搭配。in point指“適用的,相關的”

7.A 作者將山雀能發出20種叫聲與人類語言能發出更多的聲音相比較,這里應該選擇轉折連詞:whereas(然而)。

8.C 參照上題,此處將人能發出的聲音數量與動物進行比較。boundless(無界限的),changeable(多變的),ceaseless(不停歇的),因此,正確選項是C。

9.B 根據上文,動物只能發出有限的聲音,那它們。