反意疑問句是英語四大問句之一,它是由一個(gè)陳述句加上一個(gè)短問句而構(gòu)成的。反意疑問句的基本構(gòu)成形式是:陳述句+動(dòng)詞(肯定或否定)+主語?如: ①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you? 使用反意疑問句要注意以下若干對(duì)應(yīng)規(guī)則: 一、 反意疑問句中問句部分的動(dòng)詞與陳述部分的動(dòng)詞在語氣上成相反的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,即: 肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如: ①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they? 二、 反意疑問句中問句部分的動(dòng)詞與陳述部分的動(dòng)詞種類要對(duì)應(yīng)一致。如: ①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?) ②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?) 三、 反意疑問句中問句部分的動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)和陳述部分的時(shí)態(tài)一致。如: ①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?) ②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?) 四、 反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時(shí),陳述部分要視為肯定含義,問句部分用否定形式。如: ①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?) ②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?) ③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?) 五、反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有l(wèi)ittle, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意義的詞時(shí),問句部分用肯定式。如: ①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?) ②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?) 六、反意疑問句的陳述部分為I am……時(shí),問句部分習(xí)慣上用aren’t I?表示。如: I am a very honest man, aren’t I? 七、反意疑問句的陳述部分為I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that從句時(shí),問句部分的動(dòng)詞及主語與that從句內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞和主語保持一致。如: ①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he? ②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?) 八、反意疑問句的陳述部分為I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that從句時(shí),從句為否定意義,問句部分的動(dòng)詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如: ①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?) ②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?) 九、反意疑問句的陳述部分為非第一人稱主語+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that從句時(shí),問句部分的動(dòng)詞和主語與陳述部分的主句動(dòng)詞和主語保持一致。如: ①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?) ②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?) 十、反意疑問句的陳述部分為主語+said( told, reported, asked……) + that從句時(shí),問句部分的動(dòng)詞和主語與陳述部分的主句動(dòng)詞和主語保持一致。如: ①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you) ②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?) 十一、陳述部分的主語為不定代詞something, anything, nothing, everything時(shí),問句部分的主語用it。如: ①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it? 十二、陳述部分的主語為不定代詞somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)時(shí),問句部分的主語用he或 they,這時(shí)問句動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和he或 they一致。如: ①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he? ②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they? 十三、陳述部分為Let me……時(shí),問句部分習(xí)慣上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如: Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?) 十四、陳述部分為Let us……時(shí),問句部分習(xí)慣上用will you?形式。如: Let us stop to rest, will you? 十五、陳述部分為Let’s……時(shí),問句部分習(xí)慣上用shall we?形式。如: Let’s go home together, shall we? 十六、陳述部分用上述情況以外的祈使句時(shí),問句部分一般用will you?形式表示請(qǐng)求,用won’t you?形式表示委婉請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)。如: ①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you? ③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?) 十七、陳述部分為否定祈使句時(shí),問句部分一般用will you?形式。如: Don’t make any noise, will you? 十八、陳述部分為There (Here) + be + 主語時(shí),問句部分用動(dòng)詞+there(here)?形式。如: ①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here? 十九、陳述部分用had better +原形動(dòng)詞表示建議時(shí),問句部分用hadn’t +主語?形式。 ①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you? ②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we? 二十、陳述部分用used to +主語時(shí),問句部分用didn’t + 主語?或usedn’t +主語?形式。 ①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he? ②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they? 二十一、陳述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測時(shí),若句中帶有明顯的過去時(shí)間的狀語,問句部分動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)形式。如: ①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he? (不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?) ②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?) 二十二、陳述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測時(shí),若句中沒有帶明顯的過去時(shí)間的狀語,問句部分動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式。如: ①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?) ②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?) 二十三、陳述部分的主語為從句時(shí),問句部分的主語一般用it代替,如: ①What he said is true, isn’t it? (不用didn’t he?) ②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用won’t we?) 二十四、陳述部分的主語為動(dòng)名詞或不定式時(shí),問句的主語用it代替。如: ①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn’t it? ②Skating is your favorite sport, isn’t it? |