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2013年國際貨代人專業英語講義(2)

來源:中大網校發布時間:2012-12-21

查看2013年國際貨代人專業英語講義匯總

  Unit 2 Scope of Freight Forwarding Services 貨運代理人的服務范圍

  本節占歷年試卷I考試分值為4分左右。

  本節內容重點:

  1. 貨運代理人代表出口商(發貨人)的工作范圍(服務范圍)

  2. 貨運代理人代表進口商(收貨人)的工作范圍(服務范圍)

  課文內容

  一、貨運代理人的概述及其發展

  1、早期貨運代理人履行的職責

  英文原文:Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading/unloading of goods, storage of goods, arranging local transport, obtaining payment for his customer, and so on

  ( 這句話是比較長,一句一段,核心句子:……a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks……)

  注釋:freight forwarder 貨運代理人commission agent 委托代理人perform: 履行,執行,完成on behalf of 代表…… routine tasks 日常工作(routine: 日常的,常規的)loading/unloading of goods 裝載/卸載貨物storage of goods 貨物存放,貨物存儲

  中文意思:起初,貨運代理是作為委托代理人,替進出口商履行一些常規業務,比如裝載/卸載貨物,貨物的存儲,安排地方運輸,替客戶收款等。

  2、貨運代理人的發展

  英文原文:However, the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.

  (核心句子:……A and B enlarged the scope of his services.

  A 是指 :expansion of international trade 國際貿易的擴大

  B 是指 :development of different modes of transport 不同運輸方式的發展)

  注釋:expansion: 擴大,擴展 development: 發展,改善 modes of transport: 運輸方式over the years that followed 在隨后的幾年里 enlarge: 擴大,增大,擴展

  中文意思:但是,在隨后的幾年里,由于國際貿易的擴大和不同運輸方式的發展也隨之加大了貨運代理的服務范圍。

  英文原文:Today, a freight forwarder plays an important role in international trade and transport.

  注釋:Play an important role : 扮演重要的角色(引申為:起著重要的作用)International trade and transport 國際貿易和運輸

  中文意思:現今,貨運代理人在國際貿易和運輸中起著重要的作用。

  英文原文:The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distribution process.

  (核心句子:The services…… may often range from ……to……)

  注釋:render: 在這里的意思是“提供”(= offer, provide) range : 在…… 范圍內變化(后面常跟 from ……to……) booking of space 訂艙a comprehensive package of services: 全面的一攬子服務cover : 包括,涉及( = include) transportation and distribution: 運輸和分發

  中文意思:貨運代理提供的服務通常可能從日常基礎的工作比如艙位的預定,清關等,到全面的一攬子服務其服務范圍涵蓋了整個貨物的運輸和分發派送過程

  英文原文:Unless the consignor, the person sending goods, or the consignee, the person receiving the goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.

  (核心句子:Unless the consignor or consignee wants to attend to……himself, it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement of goods……)

  注釋:consignor: 發貨人consignee: 收貨人attend to: 關注 (= pay attention to) procedural and documentary formalities: 程序和單證上的手續(procedural: 程序上的;documentary: 文件的,單證的;formality: 例行手續, 正式手續)undertake to do sth. 承擔去做某事,承諾做某事

  process: 在這里作為動詞,處理,處置 involve: 包含,含有,涉及movement: 移動,動向 ( 在這里引申為“運輸”)

  中文意思:如果發貨人(發送貨物的人)或者收貨人(接受貨物的人)不想親自去辦理那些程序和單證方面的手續,那么貨運代理人將代表他們去處理各階段貨物的運輸。

  英文原文:The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors or other agencies employed by him.

  (核心句子:The freight forwarder provide these services……)

  注釋:sub-contractor: 次級承包商,分包商 agency: 代理商,代理 employ: 雇傭

  中文意思:貨運代理人可以直接或者間接通過分包商或另外雇用代理來提供這些服務。

  二、貨運代理人分別代表收發貨人或進出口商時各自應履行的義務。

  1、代表發貨人(出口商)(考試重點)

  1)Choose the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier. 選擇運輸線路,運輸方式和合適的承運人。

  注釋:route: 路線,航線 suitable: 適當的,適合的 carrier: 承運人

  2)Book space with the selected carrier. 向選定承運人訂艙。

  注釋:book space: 訂艙 selected: 選定的

  3)Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, etc. 接收貨物,并簽發貨運代理人收貨證明書和貨運代理人運輸證明書。

  注釋:take delivery of the goods: 接收貨物Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt 貨運代理人收貨證明書(是代理人收到貨物的憑證);Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport 貨運代理人運輸證明書(是證明代理人具備運輸能力的憑證); issue: 發行,發布(在這里譯為“簽發”)

  4)Study the provisions of the L/C and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import, as well as any transit country; he would also prepare all the necessary documents. 研究貨物在出口國家和進口國家,以及中轉國家運輸所適用的信用證條款和所有政府規定,并準備所有必須的單證。

  注釋:provision: 條款,規定 L/C (letter of credit) : 信用證 regulation: 規定,條例 applicable to ……: 適用于……; shipment of goods: 貨物裝運,貨物運輸 as well as: 也,又,以及;transit country: 中轉國;過境國

  5)Pack the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport, the nature of the goods and applicable regulations, if any, in the country of export, transit countries and country of destination. 貨物包裝,( 在貨物包裝時) 要考慮運輸路線,運輸的方式,貨物的特性,有必要的話還要考慮出口國,中轉國和目的地國家適用的規定。

  注釋:pack the goods 貨物包裝/打包; take into account: 考慮; the nature of the goods: 貨物的特性; if any: 如果有的話;若有的話 destination: 目的地

  6)Arrange warehousing of the goods, if necessary. 如果有必要的話,要安排貨物的倉儲

  注釋:arrange: 安排,準備 warehousing of the goods: 貨物的倉儲;if necessary: 如果有必要的話

  7)Weigh and measure the goods. 測量貨物的重量和尺寸。

  注釋:weigh: 稱,稱…的重量 measure: 量,測量(尺寸)

  8)Draw the consignor‘s attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods, if required by the consignor. 提醒發貨人注意貨物的投保,如果發貨人需要投保,則需辦理貨物的保險。

  注釋:draw one‘s attention to……: 引起某人注意…… ( 相當于“提醒某人注意……”); insurance: 保險

  9)Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier. 將貨物運往港口,安排貨物的清關,辦理相關的單證手續并將貨物交付給承運人。

  注釋:customs clearance: 海關清關;related: 相關的documentation: 文件,單證deliver the goods: 交付貨物

  10)Attend to foreign exchange transactions, if any. 關注外匯交易

  注釋:foreign exchange transaction: 外匯交易

  11)Pay fees and other charges including freight. 支付手續費和其他包括運費在內的費用

  注釋:fee : (偏向于手續費方面的)費用; charge: (偏向于因服務而索取的)費用; freight: 運費。

  12)Obtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor. 從承運人那里獲得簽發的提單并將提單轉讓給發貨人

  注釋:bill of lading:提單

  13)Arrange for transshipment en route if necessary. 如果有必要的話,安排貨物在途中的轉運。

  注釋:transshipment: 轉運; en route: = on the way 途中的

  14)Monitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarders‘ agents abroad. 通過聯系承運人和海外的貨運代理,監控貨物的運輸過程直至貨物交付給收貨人。

  注釋:monitor: 監督,監視 all the way: 由始至終

  15)Note damages or losses, if any, to the goods. 記錄貨損貨失

  注釋:note: 記錄,注解 damage: 損壞,毀壞 loss: 損失,虧損

  16)Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to them. 如果貨物有損失,需協助發貨人向承運人就貨物的損失提出賠償。

  注釋:assist sb. in doing sth.: 幫助某人做某事;pursue/make claim against sb. for sth.: 就……向某人提出賠償

  歷年考題

  1)The following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the exporter.

  A. book space B. pack the goods C. export customs clearance D. import customs clearance.(2004年多選題)

  答案:ABC

  分析:A.book space: 參考課文中貨運代理人代表處出口商的第二個職責,book space with selected carrier; B.pack the goods: 參考課文中貨運代理人代表出口商的第五個職責:Pack the goods, and take into account the route……; C. export customs clearance: 參考課文中貨運代理人代表出口商的第九個職責:Transport the goods to port and arrange for customs clearance……; D. import customs. 這個是屬于代表進口商的職責

  2)When the forwarder pack the goods on behalf of exporter, he should consider the .(2004年多選題)

  A. mode of transport B. nature of the goods C. quantity of the goods D. quality of the goods

  答案:AB

  分析:參考課文中貨運代理人代表出口商的第5個職責,C和D都不屬于這個范圍。

  3)The scope of freight forwarder‘s service on behalf of consignors includes . (2005年單選題)

  A. booking space with consignee

  B. paying the freight to the insurer

  C. arranging import customs clearance

  D. booking space with carrier

  答案:D.

  分析:A和B 課文中都未提到過。C. 是屬于貨運代理人代表進口商的職責。D. booking space with carrier. 正確,參考課文貨運代理人代表出口商的第2個職責。

  4)The freight forwarder takes delivery of the goods from the carrier and issues the Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt. ( ) ( 2005年判斷題)

  答案:錯

  分析:從課文中貨運代理人代表出口商的第3個職責來看,take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as ……, 結合上下文看,這里應該是從發貨人/出口商那里接收到貨物并簽發貨運代理人收貨證明書,而不是carrier(承運人)。

  2、代表收貨人(進口商)(考試重點)

  1)Monitor the movement of goods on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight, that is, the cargo. 如由收貨人控制貨物,貨運代理人應替收貨人監控貨物的運輸。

  2)Receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goods. 接受并審查所有與貨物運輸有關的單證。

  注釋:relating to: 與……有關

  3)Take delivery of the goods from the carrier and, if necessary, pay the freight costs. 從承運人手中接收貨物,如需還要支付的運費。

  注釋:take delivery of 接收,收到(與delivery詞義相反); freight cost: 運費

  4)Arrange customs clearance and pay duties, fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities. 安排貨物的清關,并向海關和政府當局支付關稅,手續費及其他費用。

  注釋:duty: 稅,稅收; public authority: 政府當局

  5)Arrange transit warehousing, if necessary. 如需,安排中轉倉庫。

  6)Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee. 將清關后的貨物交付給收貨人。

  注釋:cleared goods: 清關后的貨物 (根據前文 arrange customs clearance, 所以這里的意思是辦理完清關手續的貨物,而不是干凈的貨物)

  7)Assist the consignee, if necessary, in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to them. 如果有必要的話,協助收貨人向承運人就貨物的丟失或者任何損害提出賠償。

  8)Assist the consignee, if necessary, in warehousing and distribution. 如果需要,協助收貨人安排貨物的倉儲及派送。

  注釋:distribution: 分發,派送

  歷年考題

  1)Which of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the consignee . (2005年多選題)

  A. Taking delivery of the goods from the carrier

  B. Packing the goods for export

  C. Arranging export customs clearance

  D. Arranging import customs clearance

  答案:A.D.

  分析:B和C都是屬于貨運代理人代表出口商的職責。

  三、常用短語、名詞

  Freight forwarder 貨運代理人

  Commission agent: 委托代理人

  Modes of transport: 運輸方式

  A comprehensive package of services: 全面的一攬子服務

  Consignor: 發貨人

  Consignee: 收貨人

  Carrier: 承運人

  Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt: 代理人收貨證明書

  Forwarders‘ Certificate of Transport: 代理人運輸證書

  L/C (letter of credit): 信用證

  Foreign exchange transaction: 外匯交易

  Freight: 運費

  Bills of lading: 提單

  課后練習:

  一、單選題

  1.A consignor refers to the person who goods.

  A. receives B. attends to C. sends D.takes delivery of

  答案:C

  2. It is usually the who issues relevant documents such as the Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, etc.

  A. consignor B. consignee C. freight forwarder D. carrier

  答案:C

  3. Foreign exchange transactions, if any, are usually attended by the as well.

  A. commission agent B. exporter C. importer D. freight forwarder

  答案:D

  4. A freight forwarder originally was a(n) performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks.

  A. importer B. exporter C. shipper D. commission agent

  答案:D

  二、多選題

  1. A freight forwarder shall take into account the route, the mode of transport and applicable regulations, if any, in the

  A. country of export B. country of destination C. country of transshipment D. transit countries

  答案:ABD

  2. A freight forwarder, on behalf of the exporter, is expected to

  A. take delivery of the goods

  B. pay the freight costs

  C.arrange transit warehousing

  D.arrange customs clearance

  答案:ABCD

  3.Which of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the import .

  A. Monitor the movement of goods

  B. check the relevant documents

  C. Arrange import customs clearance

  D. Weigh and measure the goods.

  答案:ABC

  4. If there is damage of goods during shipment, the freight forwarder will on behalf of exporter.

  A. Note damages

  B. Pay fees to insurer

  C. Assist exporter in pursuing claims.

  D. Arrange for the insurance of goods.

  答案:AC

  二、判斷題

  1.When freight forwarder pack the goods on behalf of exporter, should take into account the mode of transport. ( )

  答案:對

  2.If necessary, the freight forwarder should pay the fees and other charges including freight for exporter. ( )

  答案:對

  3. The freight forwarder will issue “Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt” when he take delivery of the goods from exporter. ( )

  答案:對

  4. The freight forwarder can not employ other agency to provide services both for exporter and importer. ( )

  答案:錯

  5. The freight forwarder would prepare all necessary documents for exporter if necessary. ( )

  答案:對

  三、英漢互譯:

  1)transit country 2) trade terms 3) general cargo 4) special cargoes 5) the Forwarders‘ Certificate of Receipt 6) the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport 7) trade contract 8) relevant documents 9) take delivery of the goods 10) mode of transport

  答案: 1)轉口國 2)貿易條款 3)雜貨 4)特殊貿易 5)貨運代理收貨證書 6)貨運代理運輸證 7)貿易合同 8)相關單據 9)提貨 10)運輸方式

  1)貨運代理人 2)外匯 3)信用證 4) 清關 5)委托代理人 6)轉運國 7)貨物的運輸 8)艙位 9)提單 10) 國際貿易

  答案:1) freight forwarder 2) foreign exchange 3) letter of credit 4) customs clearance 5) commission agent 6) country of transshipment 7) movements of goods 8) shipping space 9) bill of lading 10) International Trade

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