點擊查看：2012年5月同等學力申碩考試真題及答案

 　　閱讀理解

　　Within a large concrete room, cut out of a mountain on a freezing-cold island just 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, could lie the future of humanity.

　　The room is a vault(地下庫) designed to hold around 2 million seeds, representing all known varieties of the world’s crops. It is being built to safeguard the word’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change, terrorism, rising sea levels, earthquakes and the collapse of electricity supplies “if the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet,” says Cary Fowler, director of the global Crop Diversity Trust ,an independent international organization promoting the project .

　　The Norwegian (挪威的)government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. The $3 million vault will be built deep inside a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen. The vault will have metre-thick walls of reinforced concrete and will be protected behind two airlocks and high-security doors.

　　The vault’s seed collection will represent the products of some 10,000 years of plant breeding by the world’s farmers, though most are no longer widely planted, the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding .

　　To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. Operators plan to replace the air inside the vault each winter, when temperatures in Spitsbergen are around -18 °C. But even if some disaster meant that the vault was abandoned, the permanently frozen soil would keep the seeds alive. And ever accelerated global warming would take many decades to penetrate the mountain vault.

　　“This will be the world’s most secure gene bank.,” says Fowler. “But its seeds will only be used when all other samples have gone for some reason."

　　The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world .Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration(冷藏)systems and vulnerable electricity supplies.

　　The scheme won UN approval at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome in October 2005. A feasibility study sail the facility "would essentially be built last forever."

　　46. The Norwegian vault is important in that______

　　A. the seeds in it represent the rarest varieties of world's crops.

　　B. the seeds in it could revive agriculture if the worst thing should happen.

　　C. it is built deep in a mountain on a freezing-cold Arctic island.

　　D. it is strong enough against all disasters caused by man and nature

　　47. The seed bank project was proposed by______.

　　A. the Norwegian government B. Norwegian farmers

　　B. Spitsbergen residents D. agricultural scientists

　　48. The seeds in the vault will be stored________.

　　A. as samples of world crop varieties

　　B. as products of world plant breeding

　　C. for their valuable genetic properties

　　D. for their resistance to plant diseases

　　49. For the seed bank project to be successful, the most important factor is probably_____.

　　A. constructing tight airlocks

　　B. maintaining high security

　　C. keeping freezing temperatures

　　D. storing large quantities of seeds

　　50. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. The Norwegian vault models after existing seed banks

　　B. The Spitsbergen seed bank is expected to last 10,000 years

　　C. The existing seed banks have potential problems

　　D. The UN financed the Spitsbergen seed bank

　　答案解析：

　　在離北極1000公里的冰冷的一個島上的一座山上，切出一間很大的水泥房間，這間房間可以容納下人類的未來。

　　這個房間是一個地下庫，可以容納大約2百萬粒種子，代表了世界上所有的已知的莊稼。是為了在世界發生核戰爭，氣候變化，恐怖主義，海平線上升，地震，電力供應不足時保證食品的供應。“如果糟糕的情況達到了極點，就可以在這個星球上重新種植莊稼。” 《世界莊稼多樣性托拉斯》的主席Cary Fowler這樣說道。《世界莊稼多樣性托拉斯》是推展這個項目的獨立的全球性組織。

　　在農業科學家的要求下，挪威ZF正在籌劃明年建立一個種子庫。這個價值3百萬美元的地下庫將建在挪威境內北極島的斯匹次卑爾根的沙石山中。這個地下庫的墻壁是厚度為一米的加強水泥材料建的，后面有兩道氣鎖和防盜系數非常高的防盜門對其進行保護。

　　該庫搜集來的種子將代表大約1萬年以來全世界的農民所種植過的莊稼，盡管大多數莊稼現在不再廣泛地種植了，這些品種仍然包含著現在植物種植中重要的基因特性。

　　種子要存活需要溫度達到冰點。工作人員計劃每年冬天斯匹次卑爾根島的溫度達到-18 °C時更換空氣。但即使某場災難意味著要放棄這個地下庫，長期冷凍的土壤也會使種子存活。不斷加劇的全球變暖要用幾十年才會滲透到這座山上的地下庫。

　　“這將是世界上最安全的基因庫。” Fowler說道。“但因為某種原因當所有其他的樣品都消失的時候才可以用這個庫的種子。”

　　這個工程是在世界范圍內人們對于現存的種子庫的安全性越來越關心的情況下建的。很多種子因其安全性差，老化冷藏系統以及不堪一擊的電力供應而受到譴責。

　　2005年10月在羅馬舉行的食品和農業組織的大會上這個提案獲得了聯合國的同意。一項可行性報告上說很重要的一點是這種便利是永久性的。

　　46. 【答案】 B

　　【考點】事實細節題

　　【題意】挪威的這個地下庫很重要因為______。

　　A. 庫里的種子代表了世界上最稀有的莊稼的品種

　　B. 如果最壞的事情發生時，庫里的種子可以使農業復活.

　　C. 它建在冰冷的北極島的一個深山里。

　　D.它很堅固，可以抵御人類和自然引起的所有的災難。

　　【解析】原文提到if the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet，可以看出正確答案應該選B。

　　47. 【答案】 D

　　【考點】事實細節題

　　【題意】這個種子庫工程是由_____提出的。

　　A.挪威ZF B. 挪威的農民 B. 斯匹次卑爾根島的居民 D. 農業科學家

　　【解析】原文提到The Norwegian (挪威的)government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. At the request of sb: 在某人的要求下，可以看出正確答案應該選D。

　　48. 【答案】 C

　　【考點】事實細節題

　　【題意】庫里的種子可以儲存________。

　　A. 作為世界莊稼品種 B. 作為世界作物育種產品

　　C. 為了他們的的有價值的基因特性 D. 為了他們可以預防植物疾病

　　【解析】原文提到the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding. 可以看出正確答案應該選C。

　　49. 【答案】 C

　　【考點】事實細節題

　　【題意】為了讓種子庫工程獲得成功，最重要的因素可能是_____。

　　A. 建立密封的氣鎖 B. 保持非常高的安全性

　　C. 保持零點的溫度 D. 儲存大量的種子seeds

　　【解析】原文提到To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. 可以看出正確答案應該選C。

　　50. 【答案】 C

　　【考點】推理判斷題

　　【題意】下面哪一項是對的?

　　A. 挪威的種子庫是按照現存的種子庫建立的。

　　B. 預計斯匹次卑爾根島的種子庫有10，000年的壽命。

　　C. 現存的種子庫有很多潛在的問題。

　　D. 聯合國資助了斯匹次卑爾根島的種子庫。

　　【解析】對錯判斷推理題的做題方法就是把四個選項和原文一一對應，逐一排除。原文倒數第二段提到The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world .Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration(冷藏)systems and vulnerable electricity supplies. 可以看出現存的種子庫有很多潛在的問題，故正確答案應該選擇C。

 

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